Inorganic Practical (Viva voice Questions) Acidic and basic radicals -

1 – Differentiate qualitative analysis from quantitative analysis ?

 Ans- Qualitative analysis deals with the identification of the constituents in a substance while the quantitative analysis deals with the determination of the exact amount of the constituents.

2- What are salt ?

 Ans- These are the compound obtained when acids and base neutralizes each other.

H₂SO₄ + Mg(OH) ₂ →MgSO₄ + 2H₂O

 (Acid)               (Base)                  (Salt)

Salts contain both cation (basic radicals)  and anion (acidic radical ). Some other examples of salts is ZnSO₄, KCL etc.

3- What are radicals?

Ans- Atoms or group of atoms present in a compound which participate in inorganic reaction is called radicals. Each radical has a definite charge.   Example :- Al₂(SO₄)₃ contains two radicals Al³⁺ and SO^4-. 

4 – What are acid radicals?

Ans- In a salt, the anions are called acid radicals because their hydrogen compounds are acid. Acid radicals are derived from acid.

Ca(OH)₂ + 2HCL → CaCl₂ + 2H₂O

Chloride ion present in CaCl₂ is derived from acid, here chloride ion is acid radicals.

5- What are basic radicals?

Ans-The radicals whose hydroxide is base, is called basic radicals. Example – Mg²⁺ is a basic radical  because its hydroxide Mg(OH)₂ is base.

6- What is sodium extract?

Ans- When a part metallic salt is boiled with four parts sodium carbonate in aqueous medium; we get carbonate extract as results of double decomposition.

CaCl₂ + Na₂CO₃→CaCO₃ + 2NaCl

                               (ppt soluble)

  

7- Which acid reacts with sand (silica)?

Ans- Only hydrofluoric acid (HF) reacts with sand.

        SiO₂ + 4HF ----------------------SiF₄ + 2H₂O

8-  Which gas gives brown ring with ferrous sulphate?Ans-  Nitric oxide gas gives brown ring test.

             FeSO₄ + NO -------------------[Fe(NO)]SO₄  

                                                         (Nitraso ferrous sulphate) 

                                                                                       Brown Coloured

9- Why ionization of H₂S is lowered in presence of hydrochloric acid?

Ans-  Due to common ion effect.

10-  What is common ion effect?

Ans-  When strong electrolyte is added into a solution of weak electrolyte with a common ion then ionization of weak electrolyte is suppressed. This effect is called common ion effect.

11- Differentiate between lime water and milk of lime?

Ans-  Aqueous solution of Ca(OH)₂ is called lime water, whereas aqueous solution of Mg(OH)₂ is called milk of lime.

12-  Which gas also show lime water test like CO₂ gas?Ans-  In the test of SO₃^2- , SO₂ gas is released which also turns lime water milky.

        Na₂SO₃+ H₂SO₄--------------Na₂SO₄+ H₂O+ SO₂

                Ca(OH)₂ + SO₂--------------CaSO₃ + H₂O

                                                            (milky white)

13- What is aqua-regia ?

Ans-  Mixtures of conc HCL and HNO₃ in 3:1 is called aqua-regia.

14- What is Nessler’s reagent?

Ans-  K₂HgI₄  is called as Nessler’s reagent. It is used to test NH₄⁺ radical in zero group.

15- What is solubilty product ?

Ans- Product of ionic concentration in a saturated salt solution is called Solubility product. For calculation of solubility product , solubility is taken in terms of Mole per litre.